A Method to Create Hybrid Models Using a Morphological Matrix

Authors

  • Michael Jordan Bianchi University of Sao Paulo Brazil
  • Daniel Capaldo Amaral University of Sao Paulo Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19255/JMPM02604

Keywords:

Hybrid Models, Project Management, Agile Project Management, Model Customization, Morphological Matrix

Abstract

Prescriptive management models are falling short to deal with the current and increasingly uncertain and dynamic business environment. The search for so-called hybrid models has increased among different organizations and industrial sectors. Despite the interest, there is a lack of systematic procedures to effectively adapt hybrid models to specific projects. In order to bridge this gap, we propose a method to support the creation of hybrid models, based on a morphological matrix that allows the combination of practices to the specific needs of each project. The method was developed through a systematic literature review, a theoretical proposition phase and its evaluation in a single case study involving an information technology company. The results indicate that a customization by project is feasible, allowing professionals to be more assertive in creating customized management solutions. Finally, the study highlights the possibility of creating systematic procedures to assist organizations and professionals in choosing management practices for their projects and the consequent creation of hybrid models.

Author Biographies

  • Michael Jordan Bianchi, University of Sao Paulo Brazil

    Michael J. Bianchi is a PhD candidate at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. His research interests include new product development, project management, agile project management, and hybrid models. His current research examines how to customize hybrid models by combining management practices according to the type of project and business environment.

  • Daniel Capaldo Amaral, University of Sao Paulo Brazil

    Daniel C. Amaral is professor at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, and has a PhD degree in product development process. His research interest areas include methods and tools for product development and innovation management, especially those related to project management. The results have been published in Project Management Journal®, Technovation, Product: Management & Development, Production, and at international conferences, including ICED, IPDMC, POMS, and some PMI events.

References

Adelakun, O., Garcia, R., Tabaka, T., & Garcia, R. (2017). Hybrid Project Management : Agile with Discipline. In: International Conference on Information Resources Management (CONF-IRM). Association For Information Systems.

Ambler, S., & Lines, M. (2018). Choose Your WoW ! A Disciplined Agile Delivery Handbook for Optimizing Your Way of Working (Disciplined Agile Consortium, Ed.). Disciplined Agile, Inc.

Augustine, S. (2005). Managing Agile Projects. Prentice Hall PTR.

Azenha, F. C., Reis, D. A., & Fleury, A. L. (2020). The Role and Characteristics of Hybrid Approaches to Project Management in the Development of Technology-Based Products and Services. Project Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972820956884

Bäcklander, G. (2019). Doing complexity leadership theory: How agile coaches at Spotify practise enabling leadership. Creativity and Innovation Management, 28(1), 42–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/caim.12303

Barlow, J. B., Giboney, J. S., Keith, M. J., Wilson, D. W., Schuetzler, R. M., Lowry, P. B., & Vance, A. (2011). Overview and Guidance on Agile Development in Large Organizations. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 29(July 2011), 25–44.

Batra, D., Xia, W., van der Meer, D., & Dutta, K. (2010). Balancing agile and structured development approaches to successfully manage large distributed software projects: A case study from the cruise line industry. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 27(1), 379–394. https://doi.org/10.1.1.186.7346

Bianchi, M. J., Conforto, E. C., & Amaral, D. C. (2021). Beyond the agile methods : a diagnostic tool to support the development of hybrid models. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-04-2020-0119

Bianchi, M., Marzi, G., & Guerini, M. (2020). Agile , Stage-Gate and their combination : Exploring how they relate to performance in software development. Journal of Business Research, 110(May 2017), 538–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.003

Binder, J., Aillaud, L. I., & Schilli, L. (2014). The Project Management Cocktail Model: An Approach for Balancing Agile and ISO 21500. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119(119), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.022

Boehm, B., & Turner, R. (2003). Using risk to balance agile and plan-driven methods. Computer, 36(6), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1204376

Chandrababu, A. (2020). Adoption of Hybrid Methodology in projects.

Ciric, D., Lalic, B., Gracanin, D., Palcic, I., & Zivlak, N. (2018). Agile Project Management in New Product Development and Innovation Processes : Challenges and Benefits Beyond Software Domain. In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (TEMS-ISIE)., 1–9.

Conforto, E. C., & Amaral, D. C. (2016). Agile project management and stage-gate model—A hybrid framework for technology-based companies. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 40, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2016.02.003

Conforto, Edivandro Carlos. (2013). Modelo e ferramenta para avaliação da agilidade no gerenciamento de projetos. In Tese (Doutorado) - Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo.

Conforto, Edivandro Carlos, Rebentisch, E., & Amaral, D. C. (2014). The Building Blocks of Agility as a Team ’ s Competence. Project Management Agility Global Survey.

Cooper, R. G. (2014). What’s Next?: After Stage-Gate. Research-Technology Management, 57(1), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.5437/08956308X5606963

Cooper, R. G. (2016). Agile-Stage-Gate Hybrids. Research Technology Management, 59(1), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2016.1117317

Cooper, R. G. (2017). Idea-to-Launch Gating Systems : Better , Faster , and More Agile Idea-to-Launch Gating Systems. Research-Technology Management, 60(1), 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2017.1255057

Cooper, R. G., & Sommer, A. F. (2016). The Agile–Stage-Gate Hybrid Model: A Promising New Approach and a New Research Opportunity. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 00(00), n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12314

Duhovnik, J., & Tavčar, J. (2005). Product design test using the matrix of functions and functionality. DS 40: Proceedings of AEDS 2005 Workshop, (November).

Eder, S., Conforto, E., Amaral, D., & Silva, S. da. (2015). Diferenciando as abordagens tradicional e ágil de gerenciamento de projetos. Production Journal, 25(3), 482–497. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132014005000021

Fargnoli, M., Rovida, E., & Troisi, R. (2006). The morphological matrix: Tool for the development of innovative design solutions. Proc. ICAD, 1–7. Retrieved from http://www.axiod.com/technology/icad/icad2006/icad2006_21.pdf

Fitzgerald, B., Stol, K., Sullivan, R. O., & Brien, D. O. (2013). Scaling Agile Methods to Regulated Environments : An Industry Case Study. In: 2013 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE.

Galal-Edeen, G. H., Riad, a. M., & Seyam, M. S. (2007). Agility versus discipline: Is reconciliation possible? ICCES’07 - 2007 International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems, 331–337. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCES.2007.4447068

Gemino, A., Horner Reich, B., & Serrador, P. M. (2020). Agile, Traditional, and Hybrid Approaches to Project Success: Is Hybrid a Poor Second Choice? Project Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972820973082

Highsmith, J. (2004). Agile Project Management: Creating Innovative Products. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Imani, T., Nakano, M., & Anantatmula, V. (2017). Does a Hybrid Approach of Agile and Plan-Driven Methods Work Better for IT System Development Projects ? Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application, 7(3), 39–46. https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-

Kennedy, D., & Philbin, S. (2014). Diagnostic Framework and Health Check Tool for Engineering and Technology Projects Simon. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management.

Leffingwell, D. (2010). Agile software requirements : lean requirements practices for teams, programs, and the enterprise. Addison-Wesley Professional.

Magistretti, S., Trabucchi, D., Era, C. D., & Buganza, T. (2019). A New Path Toward a Hybrid Model: Insights from PwC’s Italian Experience Centre. Research-Technology Management, 62(5), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2019.1638223

Mcgrath, J., & Kostalova, J. (2020). Project Management Trends and New Challenges. https://doi.org/10.36689/uhk/hed/2020-01-061

Mcmillan, E. (2004). Complexity, organizations and change. London: Routledge.

Nawrocki, J., Olek, L., Jasinski, M., Paliświat, B., Walter, B., Pietrzak, B., & Godek, P. (2006). Balancing agility and discipline with XPrince. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 266–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/11751113_19

Ölvander, J., Lundén, B., & Gavel, H. (2009). A computerized optimization framework for the morphological matrix applied to aircraft conceptual design. CAD Computer Aided Design, 41(3), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2008.06.005

PAHL, G., & BEITZ, W. (2007). Engineering design: A systematic approach (3rd ed.). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703993104

Pich, M. T., Loch, C. H., & Meyer, A. De. (2002). On uncertainty, ambiguity, and complexity in project management. Management Science, 48(8), 1008–1023. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.48.8.1008.163

PMI. (2017a). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide) (6th ed.). Newtown Square, Pa: Project Management Institute.

PMI. (2017b). Success Rates Rise: Transforming the high cost of low performance.

PMI’s Pulse of the Profession, (9th Global Project Management Survey), 32. Retrieved from http://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/learning/thought-leadership/pulse/pulse-of-the-profession-2017.pdf

Riesener, M., Dölle, C., Ays, J., & Ays, J. L. (2018). Hybridization of Development Projects Through Process-related Combination of Agile and Plan-driven Approaches. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 602–606. IEEE.

Ritchey, T. (1998). General morphological analysis. 16th Euro Conference on Operational Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19653-9_2

Shenhar, A., & Dvir, D. (2007). Reinventing Project Management: the diamond approach to successful growth and innovation. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2007.12.001

Sommer, A. F., Hedegaard, C., Dukovska-Popovska, I., & Steger-Jensen, K. (2015). Improved Product Development Performance through Agile/Stage-Gate Hybrids. Research Technology Management, 58(1), 34–44. https://doi.org/10.5437/08956308X5801236

Špundak, M. (2014). Mixed Agile/Traditional Project Management Methodology – Reality or Illusion? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119(1), 939–948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.105

Tan, A. R., & McAloone, T. C. (2006). Characteristics of strategies in product/service-system development. 9th International Design Conference, DESIGN 2006, 1435–1442.

Weber, R. G., & Condoor, S. S. (1998). Conceptual design using a synergistically compatible morphological matrix. Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, 1, 171–176. https://doi.org/10.1109/fie.1998.736828

Wysocki, R. ., & Mcgary, R. (2007). Effective Project Management: traditional, adaptative, extreme. Indiana: Wiley Publishing, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Wysocki, R. K. (2007). Effective Software Project Management. In Statistics. Wiley Publishing, Inc.

Zasa, F. P., Patrucco, A., & Pellizzoni, E. (2020). Managing the Hybrid Organization: How Can Agile and Traditional Project Management Coexist? Research Technology Management, 64(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2021.1843331

Downloads

Published

2022-05-20

How to Cite

A Method to Create Hybrid Models Using a Morphological Matrix. (2022). The Journal of Modern Project Management, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.19255/JMPM02604

Similar Articles

1-10 of 467

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.