The project’s success has attained preeminent relevance within organizations. Traditionally, a project is deemed successful if its objectives are met on schedule and within budget. This evaluation criterion has remained the most prevalent measurement method in many fields. According to the literature, leadership qualities are a crucial factor in ensuring the success of a project. Therefore, the project manager must consider the team leader’s role in addressing human and interpersonal difficulties that affect the project’s performance. This is the reason; the primary goal of the research is to examine the skills and perspectives of project managers on the relationship between personality traits and success indicators in the Iraqi construction industry. The data was acquired from 350 project managers using the approach of purposive sampling. This paper is based on quantitative and explanatory research demonstrating the relationship between critical success and leadership abilities. Using the Partial Least Square (PLS)-Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique, it was determined that learning goals orientation, adaptability, social skills, self-esteem, and emotional stability have a positive and statistically significant effect on the success factors of the Iraqi construction industry. While performance targets have a negligible impact on the successful elements of the Iraqi construction industry, These data indicate that the leadership abilities of project managers have a substantial effect on success factors. Therefore, this study could aid project managers in comprehending the mobilization of their leadership skills for greater project outcomes and success. In addition, the analysis can assist project managers in recognizing the impact of human traits that can positively influence the success elements of the construction sector. This study could have also assisted future researchers in conducting their investigations.