Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) has become essential to employees’ work activities in today’s swiftly changing work environment, particularly for those working in dynamic and unpredictable occupations, such as Seafarers. It has been suggested that perceived organizational justice, supervisor support, and job autonomy are significant factors that influence IWB. However, few studies in the maritime industry have examined these variables together. To address this lacuna in the literature, the present study examined these factors’ direct and indirect effects on IWB. We found that job crafting, autonomy, perceived organizational justice, and supervisor support substantially predicted IWB using a stratified sampling technique and a sample of 576 Indonesian sailors in the maritime industry. In addition, the study’s findings suggest that organizations should encourage job crafting and provide a fair and supportive work environment to encourage innovative behavior among mariners. The study’s practical implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.